Look at the moon through a spyglass
Galileo Galilei was one of the first people to point the recently invented spyglass at the night sky and explore the heavens. He pointed it at the Moon and saw mountains and craters during a time when people thought the moon was smooth and perfect.
In 1610, he published Sidereus Nuncius (Starry Messenger), which documented his discoveries. He described stars never seen before with the unaided eye, the existence of the Medicean stars for the first time (now known as the Galilean moons), and included his sketches of the Moon's features. The book became well known and it stirred up a lot of controversy. Many people couldn't believe it until they saw it for themselves, and many people did, verifying Galileo's claims.
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