"FiredFrom" tag

This would be an NBT tag which applies to arrows. It would track the weapon used to fire the arrow, like so:

/execute at @e[type=Minecraft:arrow,nbt={FiredFrom:{id:bow,tag:{display:{Name:"{\"text\":\"Example\"}"}},inground:1b}}] run summon lightning_bolt ~ ~ ~

In this scenario, any arrows fired from a bow named "Example" that end up in the ground would spawn a lightning bolt.

It could be used to give specific weapons special traits (i.e. the aforementioned lightning bolt, explosive arrows, or even long-range mob spawning) without applying the trait to other weapons or projectiles.